A privacy-preserving technique to identify the useful content of documents owned by multiple institutes: Supplemental File

ICADL2023 supplemental fil

電子化診療記録の計算機処理における特徴と課題に関する研究 : e-phenotyping技術確立に向けて

学位の種別: 課程博士審査委員会委員 : （主査）東京大学教授 小山 博史, 東京大学教授 赤林 朗, 東京大学准教授 槇野 陽介, 東京大学教授 鄭 雄一, 東京大学特任准教授 脇 裕典University of Tokyo(東京大学

An experimental framework for designing document structure for users' decision making -- An empirical study of recipes

Textual documents need to be of good quality to ensure effective asynchronous communication in remote areas, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, defining a preferred document structure (content and arrangement) for improving lay readers' decision-making is challenging. First, the types of useful content for various readers cannot be determined simply by gathering expert knowledge. Second, methodologies to evaluate the document's usefulness from the user's perspective have not been established. This study proposed the experimental framework to identify useful contents of documents by aggregating lay readers' insights. This study used 200 online recipes as research subjects and recruited 1,340 amateur cooks as lay readers. The proposed framework identified six useful contents of recipes. Multi-level modeling then showed that among the six identified contents, suitable ingredients or notes arranged with a subheading at the end of each cooking step significantly increased recipes' usefulness. Our framework contributes to the communication design via documents

One-second Boosting: A Simple and Cost-effective Intervention that Promotes the Optimal Allocation of Cognitive Resources

Making rational judgments is not always easy. Given that aggregation of the distributed labor force through Internet has become common, a simple and cost-effective solution is needed to improve worker performance. We tested the hypothesis that enforcing a certain decision time boosts job performance by not allowing workers to provide answers within a certain short time after presenting the task. We used the binary judgment tasks, and job performance with various enforced decision times were compared. Two behavioral experiments with physicians (N = 628) demonstrated that job performance was improved by enforcing a one-second decision time; this did not affect the cognitive load of physicians. Furthermore, it was suggested that adding a one-second decision time induced the optimal trade-off between the worker’s performance and cognitive load. Our results show that focusing on resource rationality could lead to simple and cost-effective solutions to real-world problems by boosting workers’ job performance

The gs3 allele from a large‐grain rice cultivar, Akita 63, increases yield and improves nitrogen‐use efficiency

Abstract The Green Revolution allowed a large amount of nitrogen (N) fertilization to increase crop yield but has led to severe environmental pollution. Therefore, increasing the crop grain yield must be achieved without such considerable input of N fertilization. A large‐grain japonica rice cultivar, Akita 63, significantly increased grain yield and improved N‐use efficiency (NUE) for yield per amount of N absorbed by plants. This study found that the nonsense mutated GS3 gene, the gs3 allele of Akita 63, has a superior yield production with enlarged grain size. The gs3 allele increased the yield with improvements in harvest index and NUE for yields per plant N content by analyzing the near‐isogenic line of rice plants with a large grain (LG‐Notohikari), which was developed by introducing the gs3 allele of Akita 63 into normal‐grain japonica cultivar, Notohikari. Thus, the gs3 allele would be promising for further yield increase without additional large input of N fertilization in non‐gs3‐allele rice varieties